What are the rights called that must be observed throughout the criminal justice process?

The rights referred to in the context of the criminal justice process are known as due process rights. These rights ensure that individuals are treated fairly and justly within the legal system. They are grounded in the 5th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which emphasize the necessity of fair legal proceedings before individuals can be deprived of life, liberty, or property.

Due process rights encompass several key protections, including the right to a fair trial, the right to be informed of charges, the right to confront witnesses, and the right to legal counsel. These rights are crucial because they uphold the principle of justice and prevent arbitrary actions by the state, ensuring that every individual is afforded the protection of the law throughout the criminal justice process.

The other options, while related to rights, do not specifically capture this comprehensive set of protections afforded during legal proceedings. Civil rights typically refer to broader social rights regarding equal treatment under the law. Miranda rights specifically relate to warnings given to suspects in custody about their rights before interrogation. Constitutional rights can refer to various rights outlined in the Constitution but do not specifically denote the procedural protections provided during criminal justice.